Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Examination - Essay Example Thusly the tally of blue shirts sold against different hues would be annualized and normal taken with a similar condition for every single other variable.. Middle partitions the arrangements of information into equal parts and places half over the middle and half beneath the middle while mode relates to the score that happens all the more regularly in a lot of information. For each situation a whole arrangement of information can be summed up with a solitary worth. There are likewise three fundamental equations for the proportion of fluctuation and they are Range, Variance and Standard Deviation. Through these measures we can tell how much the information in each set fluctuates. Range quantifies the separation between the most elevated and least qualities and gives us a thought of the width of our informational index. This is well known in spite of the fact that it doesn't show were the information is gathered in the set. The aggregate sum of inconstancy is considered with Variance. To survey the distinction in informational collections a point should be found to which every perception can be thought about. As mean takes in each perception in its computation it would be the best purpose of examination. Standard Deviation figures the square base of a change. It gives a decent proportion of change and shows the normal separation every perception is from the

Ping Sweeps and Port Scans an Example of the Topic Science and Technology Essays by

Ping Sweeps and Port Scans Proposition STATEMENT System tests, for example, port outputs and ping clears, can prompt interruption of private frameworks of an organization or system, empowering the gatecrashers to obtain entrance and change, or most exceedingly awful, ruin the settings of helpless objective machines which can destroy the entire organization framework also, in any case, because of the headway in innovation, such action can be distinguished and forestalled utilizing uncommon devices. Need paper test on Ping Sweeps and Port Scans subject? We will compose a custom paper test explicitly for you Continue Presentation Ping Sweeps and Port Scans are two most normal system tests which fill in as significant pieces of information in detecting attack or interruption that can hurt the system's frameworks of machines. In spite of the fact that system tests are not genuinely interruptions, in any case, they might be potential reasons for real interruptions later on (Theo, 2000). To keep away from such conditions, it is better that we know about how tests are performed and how we can recognize them. PORT SCANS Port Scanning can find the administrations running on an objective machine allowing the gatecrasher to contemplate the entire framework, making it simple for him to make an arrangement on the most proficient method to assault any powerless and exposed assistance that he finds. For instance, if a gatecrasher finds any open port, for example, port 143, he will see what running IMAP form is on the objective. In the event that the rendition is powerless, he can have an entrance to the machine utilizing a misuse (Theo, 2000). How is it performed? You simply need to interface a progression of ports on the machine, discovering which ones react and which don't. A decent software engineer can compose a straightforward port scanner in only fifteen minutes utilizing Java or Perl language. Then again, this sort of port sweep is effortlessly distinguished by the working arrangement of the objective machine (Theo, 2000). An apparatus called scanlogd, created by the Solar Designer, is a dmon running in a foundation and tuning in on the system limit for port sweeps. The scanlogd relates the distinguished port sweep through engraving a line utilizing the syslog component (Theo, 2000). PING SWEEPS In ping clears, a lot of ICMP ECHO parcels is being sent to an arrangement of machines, explicitly a scope of IP locations, and discover which ones will respond. Dynamic machines that react will be the potential objective of the interloper; from that point he will concentrate on assaulting and dealing with these machines. Be that as it may, ping clears is now and again performed by the system genuinely to discover which machines are alive for analytic reasons (Theo, 2000). Like port outputs, ping breadths can be recognized utilizing an extraordinary device. ippl, an IP convention lumberjack, can log TCP, UDP, and ICMP parcels. It works like the scanlogd, wherein it sits out of sight and sneak for bundles (Theo, 2000). End Since arrange examining exercises like port outputs and ping scopes can be recognized and forestalled utilizing extraordinary instruments, there is no compelling reason to stress on potential interruptions of system frameworks and machines. System machines should have been made sure about with these exceptional devices to dodge interruptions through tests. There are as yet numerous sorts of system tests which are altogether developing today, in any case, these exercises can in any case be distinguished likewise utilizing the headway in innovation and appropriate aptitudes and information. REFERENCES Teo, L. (1 December 2000). Systems Probes Explained: Understanding Port Scans and Ping Sweeps. Recovered 22 November 2007 from http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/4234 Thompson Course Technology. Port Scanning. [electronic version] . Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense. Section 5.

Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-four

Thinking about THEIR EARLIER threat, I was somewhat shocked to see Sonya and Robert consolidate their forces to make a deception for the Dashkov siblings. It darkened their appearances, and with the expansion of some phony names, the Mastrano family simply expected the folks were a piece of our inexorably unusual company. Considering the trouble and change previously going on in the house, a couple more individuals appeared the least of the Mastranos' concerns. In playing great Moroi has, it wasn't sufficient to simply prepare up supper. Emily additionally figured out how to get a feeder to come byâ€a kind of â€Å"blood conveyance administration.' Normally, Moroi who lived outside protected regions and blended among people approached mystery feeders living close by. For the most part, these feeders had a guardian of sorts, a Moroi who brought in cash off the administration. It was basic for Moroi to just appear at the home of the feeder's â€Å"owner,' however for this situation, Emily had made plans for the feeder to be brought to her home. She was doing it as a civility, the benevolent she'd accomplish for any Moroi guestsâ€even ones who were conveying news she'd feared getting for a large portion of her life. Much to her dismay exactly how urgently welcome blood was to the Moroi we'd brought along. I wouldn't fret the siblings enduring a little shortcoming, yet Sonya certainly required blood on the off chance that she was going to proceed with her recuperation. In fact, when the feeder and her manager appeared, Sonya was the first to drink. Dimitri and I needed to avoid sight upstairs. Sonya and Robert could indeed deal with a limited amount of much soul hallucination, and concealing Robert and Victor's personalities from the feeder's Moroi was basic. Darkening both me and Dimitri would have been excessively, and considering our most-needed status, it was basic we not face any challenges. Leaving the siblings solo made Dimitri and me apprehensive, yet both of them appeared to be unreasonably frantic for blood to endeavor anything. Dimitri and I needed to tidy up in any case, since we hadn't possessed energy for showers at the beginning of today. We flipped a coin, and I got the opportunity to go first. Just, when I completed and was scrounging through my garments, I found I'd experienced my clean â€Å"casual wear' flexibly and was down to the dress Sydney had remembered for the rucksack. I frowned yet figured it wouldn't damage to put the dress on for one night. We wouldn't do considerably more than looking out for tomorrow's takeoff, and perhaps Emily would let me do clothing before we left. After fair hair styling with a blow dryer, I at last felt enlightened once more. Sydney and I had been given a guestroom to share, and the siblings involved another. Sonya was going to remain in Jill's room, and Dimitri had been offered the lounge chair. I didn't question for a subsequent he'd tail the corridors as the family rested and that I'd exchange shifts with him. Until further notice, he was all the while showering, and I crawled out into the lobby and looked down over a railing to look at the principal floor. The Mastranos, Sonya, and the siblings were totally assembled with the feeder and her guardian. Nothing appeared to be out of order. Alleviated, I came back to my room and utilized the personal time to keep an eye on Lissa. After the underlying energy of breezing through her assessment, I'd felt her quiet down and had expected she was getting genuinely necessary rest. Be that as it may, no. She hadn't hit the sack. She'd taken Eddie and Christian over to Adrian's, and I understood she was the one who'd woken him up from the fantasy I'd imparted to him in the vehicle. A skimming of her ongoing recollections gave me a replay of what had occurred since the time he left me and lurched to his entryway. â€Å"What's going on?' he asked, looking from eye to eye. â€Å"I was having a decent dream.' â€Å"I need you,' said Lissa. â€Å"I hear that from ladies a great deal,' said Adrian. Christian made a choking sound, however the faintest flicker of a grin crossed Eddie's lips, in spite of his in any case extreme gatekeeper position. â€Å"I'm genuine,' she let him know. â€Å"I just got a message from Ambrose. He has something essential to let us know, and †¦ I don't have the foggiest idea. I'm as yet not sure of his job in all things. I need another arrangement of eyes on him. I need your supposition.' â€Å"That,' Adrian stated, â€Å"is not something I hear a great deal.' â€Å"Just hustle just a bit and get dressed, alright?' requested Christian. Truly, it was a miracle anybody rested any longer, taking into account how regularly we were totally pulled out of rest. Adrian in any case dressed rapidly, and in spite of his careless remarks, I realized he was keen on anything identified with demonstrating my innocence. What I was unsure of was whether he'd inform anybody regarding the chaos I'd gotten myself into, since I'd slipped and uncovered a portion of my actual exercises. My companions rushed over to the structure they'd visited previously, the one where Ambrose lived and worked. The Court had woken up, and individuals were all over town, numerous without a doubt needing to get some answers concerning the subsequent ruler test. Truth be told, a couple of individuals getting a quick look at Lissa got out glad welcome. â€Å"I had another preliminary today around evening time,' Lissa told Adrian. Somebody had quite recently saluted her. â€Å"An startling one.' Adrian dithered, and I sat tight for him to state he'd just heard that from me. I likewise hung tight for him to convey the stunning news about my present organization and whereabouts. â€Å"How'd it go?' he asked. â€Å"I passed,' she answered. â€Å"That's the only thing that is in any way important.' She was unable to force herself to educate him regarding the cheering individuals, the individuals who didn't just help her on account of the law but since they really had faith in her. Tasha, Mia, and some unexpected companions from school had been among the spectators, smiling at her. Indeed, even Daniella, there to sit tight for Rufus' turn, had hesitantly praised Lissa, appearing to be astounded Lissa had endured. The entire experience had been strange, and Lissa had just needed to leave. Eddie had gotten pulled away to help different watchmen, regardless of his fights that he was Lissa's escort. Thus, Christian and Tasha had wound up taking Lissa home alone. All things considered, practically alone. A gatekeeper named Ethan Moore went along with them, the one Abe had prodded Tasha about. Abe overstated a few things, yet he'd been correct this time. Ethan looked as intense as any gatekeeper, yet his kickass disposition once in a while vacillated at whatever point he took a gander at Tasha. He venerated her. She obviously loved him as well and was a tease along the wayâ€much to Christian's distress. I thought it was adorable. Some folks presumably wouldn't go close Tasha on account of her scars. It was ideal to see somebody who valued her for her character, regardless of how appalled Christian was by the idea of anyonedating his auntie. What's more, I in reality sort of loved seeing Christian so clearly tormented. It was beneficial for him. Ethan and Tasha left once Lissa was safely back in her room. In no time, Eddie appeared back up, protesting about how they'd postponed him with some â€Å"crap task' when they realized he would do well to activities. He'd obviously made such an object, that they'd at last discharged him, so he could hustle back to Lissa's side. He made it only ten minutes before Ambrose's note showed up, which was fortunate planning. Eddie would have blown a gasket in the event that he'd go to her room and discovered her gone. He would have thought Strigoi had hijacked his charge in his nonattendance. That was the arrangement of occasions paving the way to what was occurring now: Lissa and the three folks heading out to Ambrose's mystery meeting. â€Å"You're early,' he stated, giving them access before Lissa could even thump a subsequent time. They remained inside Ambrose's own room now, not an extravagant parlor for customers. It looked like a quarters roomâ€a decent one. A lot more pleasant than anything I'd persevered. Lissa's consideration was all on Ambrose, so she didn't see, somewhere off to the side, Eddie rapidly examining the room. I was happy he was on his game and speculated he didn't trust Ambroseâ€or anybody not in our quick circle. â€Å"What's going on?' asked Lissa, when Ambrose shut the entryway. â€Å"Why the dire visit?' â€Å"Because I need to give you something,' he said. On his bed was a heap of papers, and he took the main one. â€Å"Remember when I said they were bolting off Tatiana's possessions? Well currently they're reviewing and expelling them.' Adrian moved uncomfortablyâ€again, just something I took note. â€Å"She had a sheltered where she kept significant documentsâ€secret ones, clearly. What's more, †¦' â€Å"And?' incited Lissa. â€Å"And, I didn't need anybody to discover them,' Ambrose proceeded. â€Å"I didn't have a clue what the vast majority of them were, however on the off chance that she needed them mystery †¦ I just felt they should remain as such. I knew the blend, thus †¦ I took them.' Guilt shone all over, however it wasn't deadly blame. It was blame for the burglary. Lissa looked at the stack energetically. â€Å"And?' â€Å"None of them have anything to do with what you're searching for †¦ aside from perhaps this one.' He gave her the bit of paper. Adrian and Christian swarmed around her. Sweetheart Tatiana, I'm somewhat astounded to perceive how these most recent advancements have unfurled. I thought we had an understanding that the wellbeing of our kin required something beyond getting a more youthful yield of gatekeepers. We have let such a large number of them go to squander, especially the ladies. On the off chance that you took activities to drive them backâ€and you realize what I'm talking about†the gatekeeper positions would grow. This present law is totally lacking, especially in the wake of perceiving how your â€Å"training' analyze fizzled. I'm similarly stunned to hear that you are thinking about discharging Dimitri Belikov from his gatekeepers. I don't see precisely what occurred, however you can't confide in unimportant appearances. You might be releasing a monsterâ€or in any event, a spyâ€in our middle, and he should be under a lot stricter watchman than he as of now is. Actually, your proceeded with help of the investigation of soul is disturbing out and out and no uncertainty prompted this unnatural circumstance. I accept there is an explanation this component was l

The Insider Secret on Samples College Personal Essay Reasons for Transfering Discovered

The Insider Secret on Samples College Personal Essay Reasons for Transfering Discovered Employing real sample college essays that worked will provide you a good idea about what colleges search for. Don't forget, getting into college is a competition, so it's imperative that you learn to compose a strong personal statement. Years you're going to spend in the university is going to be a continuation of what you've already started and will help achieve your targets. As a student, a lot is expected of you and you might have to work hard if you'd like to reach all your objectives and vision. Personal statement is just one of the important prerequisites for entering a university. Clearly, the reply is to enter the colleges to which you're applying. Though it's annoying, starting over is sometimes the very best approach to find an essay that you're really pleased with. Bear in mind, but the focus is on you. You'll observe a similar structure in lots of the essays. At some stage, you will possibly will need to rewrite the entire essay. Make sure you usesolid writing structure, particularly if you get a freeform essay prompt. Have a look at the best examples here! Let's return to the TV idea. If you should do a little bit of research, by all means, do it. In the end, the very best topics are ones that let you to explain something surprising about yourself. Instead, you ought to focus on selecting a particular time or experience or topic that could stand as an instance of your interests and background more generally. A seasoned professional will make an error-free assignment right away and can help you boost your grades. It is not possible to fully cover the above mentioned questions in a couple of hours. The start ought to be very intriguing. Within that moment, each student should play the function of speaker and listener. Take time to consider about each question allow it to sink in, and be sure that your essay actually addresses all components of the question. Sit down and make an outline of what you would like to say before you begin writing. One of the absolute most important portions of the essay writing process is editing, and editing requires a lot of time. Don't use a particular format when writing your own personal statement essay. Samples College Personal Essay Reasons for Transfering Secrets It's possible to still get into top schools by utilizing yourpersonal statement for collegeas an opportunity to set yourself apart. Be specific Don't, for instance, state which you would make a fantastic doctor unless it is possible to back this up with specific factors. Before beginning, the very first thing you ought to see is that the personal statement has become the most significant part your admissions package. All you need to do is give us details about yourself that we'll utilize to personalize your statement of purpose format to fulfill your nature and qualifications. The previous paragraph of your college personal statement is a nice place for you to repeat and strengthen your primary idea. The duration of your own personal statement for university ought to be about 500 words and approximately 1 page. If you have the capability to use your private statement to display your unbelievable drive and resilient character within the classroom and out, you're in phenomenal form! A long and boring statement won't have the ability to draw the readers. Instead, you must impress a university staff member who's reading dozens of essays each day for a month. EssayEdge is the major application essay editing service on earth. The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the majority of our clients require is essay writing. Then in the procedure you become called for an interview. To start with you can pick from our talented group of writers who will write for you. Students must place a lot of work into writing a good essay as a way to boost their odds of admission. Many students wish to call it a day after writing a very first draft, but editing is a vital portion of writing a really terrific essay. They get stuck trying to figure out how to begin their personal statement essay. Top Samples College Personal Essay Reasons for Transfering Secrets Whenever you opt to ask us for expert support, don't hesitate to get in touch with our support managers. Whether you're aiming for a university admission or landing work at a prominent revenue statement for company, an effective personal letter offers you a better shot in comparison to others. Your desire to be an attorney, engineer, or whatever should be logical, the consequence of certain experience that's described in your statement. Your own personal specialist can help you with branding, essays, and interv iews, and supply you with support and guidance in the other facets of the application procedure.

Writer s Block A Creative Block - 1569 Words

Writer’s block is a term to describe a creative block when people are unsure and lost on how to go about with their writing. It is not as simple as the inability to continue writing a story or a painting, but it is about being unable to produce something, whether it be creative or not. This term is not isolated to writers specifically, this creative block applies to all those who practice the art — artists, composers, poet, choreographers. In this essay, I shall explain a few relatively common causes of writer’s block and give some advice on the techniques to overcome this obstacle. Moreover, I will be referring to several sources, my own experiences to the techniques I will examine and how I would usually deal with writer’s block. Not†¦show more content†¦I find that sometimes the most mundane trail of thought, the thoughts that just briefly cross my mind are the ones that surprise me the most with the amount of potential they have. More so, writing these streams of consciousness can be therapeutic as shown in our Week 11 class of Creativity, its have several benefits such as emotional clarity, management of stress and the ability to concentrate and focus. Dr. James Pennebaker proved this by conducting an experiment, known as â€Å"Writing to Heal†. Writing fan-fictions is another path writers may take if writers are unable to come up anything, using the â€Å"existing characters as â€Å"training wheels†.† Playing around with the plot of the story, changing (in)significant little details, inserting their own character into the story, which could in doubt either allow the story to follow the canon or take them down an alternative path. It is a lot easier to come up with a fan-fiction idea considering the number of times were we would find ourselves thinking it should have happened differently to the original. Especially when it comes to the death of a favorite character or the disagreement of character pairing — their relationships and love life. It’s giving them a chance to practice before they decide to venture off and write their own story. Another suggestion to finding ideas: take a stroll around the block and let the mind wonder, pay

How Romanticism Can Be Defined As A Style Of Art And...

Romanticism can be defined as both a style of art and literature during the 18th and 19th centuries that heavily emphasized imagination and emotion. Walden, or Life in the Woods is an excellent example of a novel that embodies American Romanticism. Thoreau conveys his thoughts and ideas through his literature. hen one reads Walden Carefully, one can find many of the characteristics of Romanticism in it. In Where I Lived and What I Lived For, Thoreau rejects civilization and seeks to spend more time with nature. His desire is to be one with nature and live alone in the woods. As he states, â€Å"I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived† This quote is explanatory of a lot. The first aspect it addresses is practicality. However, the second part contains a much deeper meaning about life in a philosophical mann er. Walden eloquently merges both the practical and philosophical elements. Some would call this, what is essential and needed for life. It refers not only to physical needs, but it also takes a turn and examines the core of the human being in their own way of existence. Walden is a double-edged sword in a sense that it addresses both the subject of practicality and philosophy. Looking at things from a realistic perspective, it is simply not physically possible to die without having lived. From aShow MoreRelatedInfluences of the Romantic Period1575 Words   |  7 PagesInfluences on the Romantic Period Romanticism spawned in the late 18th century and flourished in the early and mid-19th century. Romanticism emphasized the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, the transcendental, and the individual. 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Global Regulatory Issues for Cosmetics Industry

Question: Discuss about the Global Regulatory Issues for Cosmetics Industry. Answer: Introduction: L`Oriel is a multinational beauty and cosmetic company that is headquartered in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine in France. L`Oreal is the largest cosmetic company in the world. The company was formed in the year 1909 by a man named Eugene Schueller and it operates in the personal care industry. The products offered by the company include; hair color, skin care products, sun protection, make-up, perfume and hair care products. The company is also involved in designs and produces products related to dermatology, toxicology, tissue engineering and bio-pharmaceutical research and product development. The company is also the single largest holder of nanotechnology patent. L`Oreal is incorporated and its listed in the Euro Stoxx stock market index. The revenue of the company in the year 2015 was 25.257 billion euros (Hisrich Kearney, 2013). The other important financial records of the company include the operating income which stood at 4.388 billion Euros and the profit of the company which was 3. 297 billion Euros. All the financial information stated above was for the 2015 financial year. The company has approximately78700 employees across the globe (Baines Fill, 2017). The company also has two subsidiaries which also specialize in manufacturing of beauty product. These subsidiaries include The Body shop and Lancome. L`Oreal has six research center located in different parts of the world. This explains the companys strong product portfolio and need driven product development. The companys current advertising slogan is because we are worth it. Company's international strategy The companys strategies are always globally focused with the company creating a globally recognizable brand. L`Oreal seeks to expend its operation further in the countries in which it does not perform so well especially in the Middle East and Africa. The expansion strategy has seen the company open new its regional offices in countries like South Africa and Nigeria. L`Oreal philosophy is to provide to the world the best and safest beauty and cosmetic products at cheap prices. The company has research and development centers in 4 countries across the globe with further plans to develop some more. Two of the development centers are in France, one in Japan, one in Shanghai China, one in India and another one in Clark, New Jersey, USA (Hisrich Kearney, 2013).. The regions for location of the research and development centers are chosen based on various factors. Some of the factors considered when decision on location of RD centers include; availability of skilled labor, availability of h ighly trained and experienced researchers, operational costs that the company will incur in this region, laws affecting research and development in the region, economic development and growth of the region as well as political stability of the area under consideration (Tungate, 2011). For an area to be chosen for location of RD center, it has to have attained all the above requirements as well as offer a suitable environment for research to thrive. L`Oreal marketing strategies The marketing strategies of L`Oreal are very effective. The company carries out proper market research before development of new products in order to identify the needs of consumers and fill the existing gap in the market. This therefore makes the marketing of the companies` products easier since it does not have to do a lot of promotion and impose the product on the customers. The customers buy the product because it fulfills their specific needs. L`Oreal sells its products in all corners of the world in both developed and under-develop countries. The companys major sales are attained mainly in Europe, China and USA (Baines Fill, 2017). There are also fast developing markets like India which form an important component of the companys customer base. Africa is also experiencing growth at a very high rate and this has provided an opportunity for the company to market it products in this region with the company gaining increased market share in this region. Therefore, the major motiva ting factors for the marketing of the companys products is the level of economic activity and development, stability of the country as well as social and religious customs of the people living in these countries. This mainly applies in Muslim dominated countries which have restrictions on use of beauty and cosmetic product. The company has diversified its products to cater for the needs of each class of customers. L`Oreal uses a variety of marketing strategies in order to achieve its marketing objectives. One of these strategies is diversification strategy. The company has developed products ranging from skin care, hair care, dermatology and toxicology products. This has provided the company with a large customer base and therefore, they are able to attain high sales volumes (Plankett Plankett, 2008). Another marketing strategy used by the company is that of product differentiation. This involves making little changes to products with similar uses in order to offer more value and choice to the consumer. L`Oreal has used this strategy especially with the skin care products. The company uses indirect distribution channels. The company sells to the wholesalers who sell to the retailers and then the retailer sells to the final consumer. Company's logistics approach L`Oreal produces its goods in various countries but its main manufacturing plant is in France. The companies` largest factory was completed in the year 2012 in Jababeka Industrial Park, Cikarang, Indonesia. The investment cost the company a total of US$100 million. Of the total production from the company, 25% will be sold within the country and the rest will be exported. The factories in France also produce a significant amount of products which are exported to other countries (Hitts Hoskinsson, 2014). Other countries where L`Oriel produces its products include China and USA. The decision by the company on where to locate its factories is influenced by a combination of factors. These factors include; the availability of skilled labor force and the cost of factors of production in the country. The factors of production considered in this case include, wage rate, cost of capital and the cost of land. The company opts to produce its products in countries where these factors are cheap in order to minimize cost and hence make more profit. Other factors that influence the selection of a country to produce goods include; political stability of the country of location, economic growth rate of the country, economic policies and foreign investment policies of the country, the level of government support to foreign investors as well as the market potential of the country in regard to the goods the company wants to produce. The combination of this factors influences the decision of the company to invest in the country of not. L'Oreal Human Resource Management Approach The companies HRM strategies advocate for fair recruitment and employment opportunities for all people irrespective of race, tribe, nationality or even religion. The company offers equal employment opportunities to people applying for jobs and recruitment, selection and hiring are all done on merit. The companys human resource policy states that the company cannot employ more than 25% of its employees from outside the country in which the factories are located. The rest of the employees for the company should be nationals of the country in which the production activities are located. The 25% or less should be only skilled workers. The locals always get consideration before the companies decides to outsource for labor. The promotion policies of the company also give locals a priority to be promoted to senior level of management based on their performance. The human resource policies of L`Oreal will be very important for this country since they are favorable to the locals. The nationals of the countries will be guaranteed of 75% of all the vacancies in the organization and therefore, this will boast the levels of employment in the country (Abdallah Albadri, 2011). Creation of employment by the company will result to reduction in the levels of poverty in the country and hence promoting improved standards of living. There are various risks that may come with the company investing in this country. One of the risks of investing in this country by L`Oreal is that the company will bring competition to the local infant industries. When L`Oreal opens its production factory in this country, the local industries that have invested in cosmetic and beauty products will suffer from the effect of competition from the giant multinational company(Alsop, 2008). This is because the company has large amount of resources at its disposal and will therefore enjoy economies of scale in its production and hence offer its products at a cheaper price. Another risk of allowing L`Oreal to invest in this country is that the country may fail to benefit much from the profits generated from local operations because the company may direct the profits realized in this country to other countries. The movement of the capital will mean that the country wont benefit fully from the use of its resources in the country and the economic impact of the invest may not be as big as expected (Jones, 2010). The environment effect of new industries by the company will also be a risk. Increasing concern for the environment in the country due to the negative effects that environmental pollution has brought to the country is a major cause for concern (Betton, 2007). The production activities of the company will bring a lot of negative environmental effects to the country and in areas which the factories will be located. Despite being several risks associated with the company investing in the country, there are also various advantages that the country will gain from the company investing in the country. One of the benefits is creation of employment opportunities. The companys human resources policies are very friendly and will promote the development of local human resources through training and experience. The locals will get employment through skilled and unskilled job opportunities (Industrial Systems Research, 2013). This will help to reduce the unemployment burden faced by the country at the moment. The company will also be paying taxes to the government. This will contribute further to economical development of the country. By investing in the country, the company will contribute positively to the society through corporate social responsibility activities of the company. Investment by the company will help to develop research and development in the country. Research in tissue engineering and biotechnology by the company will be a positive influence for the country and will encourage other companies also to invest in research and development in the country to help solve problems facing human beings. If the company in the country, it will gain by allowing exchange of human resources between countries in which the company is operating. This will promote the exchange of ideas and knowledge which will promote development in the country. Recommendations The company should be allowed to invest in the country and given all the necessary support to help them in setting up a factory. This is because of the many advantages that the investment will bring to the country compared to its shortcomings. The government should create an enabling environment for foreign investment because of the advantages that accrue from the companies investing in this country. This will be done by making laws that are friendly to foreign investors and that makes carrying out business in the country easier. Conclusion The investment by L`Oriel in the country will be a major milestone for the country because it will set a trend for other large international companies to follow by inspiring them with confidence. The country will also benefit in a big way through the employment opportunities that will be created by the investment. Among many other advantages the company will contribute greatly to the economic growth of the country by paying taxes and through many other means (Abdallah Albadri, 2011) The shortcomings that may arise with this investment include the risk of killing the local manufacturing companies through unfair competition. Another major risk is to the environment given the waste that will result from the manufacturing activities of the company. References Abdallah, S., Albadri, F. (2011). ICT acceptance, investment and organization: Cultural practices and values in the Arab world. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. Alsop, R. (2008). The trophy kids grow up: How the millennial generation is shaking up the workplace. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Academy of Marketing Science. (2008). Developments in marketing science. Greenvale, N.Y., etc: Academy of Marketing Science. Baines, P., Fill, C., Rosengren, S. (2017). Marketing Betton, C. I. (2007). Global regulatory issues for the cosmetics industry. Norwich, N.Y: W. Andrew Pub. INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH. (2013). Manufacturing and Investment Around the World: An International Survey of Factors Affecting Growth and Performance. Jones, G. (2010). Beauty imagined: A history of the global beauty industry. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2014). Strategic management: Competitiveness globalization. Hisrich, R. D. D., Kearney, C. (2013). Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Capon, N. (2007). The marketing mavens. New York: Crown Business. Guston, D. H. (2010). Encyclopedia of nanoscience and society. London: SAGE Plunkett, J. W., Plunkett Research, Ltd. (2008). Plunkett's nanotechnology MEMS industry almanac 2008: The only comprehensive guide to nanotech companies and trends. Houston, Texas: Plunkett Research, Ltd. Tungate, M. (2011). Branded beauty: How marketing changed the way we look. Philadelphia, PA: Kogan Page.

Important Questions for Great Leaders in Future

Important Questions for Great Leaders in Future Leadership is quite an ambiguous word, and every person can define it in his or her way. There are plenty of theoretical books on leadership and how to be an effective manager, but all of them lack practice and unique experience on a person. That is why, they cannot answer the question of how one can become a charismatic, confident, and influential chief, but you can. We have included four essential questions that’ll help to find the key to professional management. What is Leadership for Me? There are different beliefs about leadership and what it should be like. Some of them are even polar, others are quite similar but rendered in different words. You should define this notion for you, decide what matters most, and what qualities a potential manager should have. Once you have found the answer to this question, define the set of principles and stick to them. What Do You Expect from Yourself? Our world knows a lot of examples of effective leaders, who are worth to be admired and followed. Are there any people you are fond of and respect? Think what they do right and what features of their character have helped them to achieve their position in the society. Do you have such traits? Ed Ruggero, a former Army officer and business writer, and training coach of how to become a great leader offers a useful exercise during which a person should give personal statements about themselves as successful managers. For example, â€Å"I will participate fully in every team effort but will make every effort to delegate responsibility and authority to those who are capable. I will give credit for the accomplishments of each and every team member.† Another good step to take on the way to great leadership is to define your flaws that can be converted into assets and work on them. What Can You Expect from Employees? One of the most interesting questions that bother many leaders is what they can expect from their employees. In addition to that, they inquire when employees should seek help, in what situations it is appropriate to demand solutions from them, and some other things. The majority of people in leading positions agree that they want to see honest, genuine, responsible people, who feel enthusiastic about their job and strive for self-improvement. Sometimes, managers seek for people who are not afraid of expressing their thoughts and views, and what is more important, those who are ready to disagree with their bosses when it is necessary. And what are your expectations of your employees? Are to Opt to Work on Self-Improvement? You should work hard in order to become a great leader, and you can never stop developing yourself. It’s important for the great chief to be a versatile person. One should know how to hide drawbacks and operate positive features. What is more, they should remember that the society and business develops, and leaders should keep up with them. To be in charge of a small company is not the same as to be an executive in an enterprise. It may require a different strategy and more sophisticated management model. Therefore, being a good leader is a complex task which requires commitment, a clear understanding of what workers expect from you and what are your expectations of employees. What is more, leadership is a constant work on self-improvement and development, but the result is worth those efforts.

A Biography of Lieutenant General Sir George Prévost

A Biography of Lieutenant General Sir George Prà ©vost Early Life: Born in New Jersey on May 19, 1767, George Prà ©vost was the son of Major General Augustine Prà ©vost and his wife Nanette. A career officer in the British Army, the elder Prà ©vost saw service at the Battle of Quebec during the French Indian War as well as successfully defended Savannah during the American Revolution. After some schooling in North America, George Prà ©vost traveled to England and the Continent to receive the remainder of his education. On May 3, 1779, despite being only eleven years old, he obtained a commission as an ensign in his fathers unit, the 60th Regiment of Foot. Three years later,  Prà ©vost transferred to the 47th Regiment of Foot with the rank of lieutenant.    A Rapid Career Ascent: Prà ©vosts rise continued in 1784 with an elevation to captain in the 25th Regiment of Foot.   These promotions were possible as his maternal grandfather served as a wealthy banker in Amsterdam and was able to provide funds for the purchasing of commissions.   On November 18, 1790,  Prà ©vost returned to the 60th Regiment with the rank of major.   Only twenty-three years old, he soon saw action in the Wars of the French Revolution.   Promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1794,  Prà ©vost traveled to St. Vincent for service in the Caribbean.   Defending the island against the French, he was wounded twice on January 20, 1796.   Sent back to Britain to recover,  Prà ©vost received a promotion to colonel on January 1, 1798.   In this rank only briefly, he earned an appointment to brigadier general that March followed by a posting to St. Lucia as lieutenant governor in May.    Caribbean: Arriving on St. Lucia, which had been captured from the French, Prà ©vost earned praise from the local planters for his knowledge of their language and even-handed administration of the island. Falling ill, he briefly returned to Britain in 1802.  Recovering, Prà ©vost was appointed to serve as governor of Dominica that fall. The following year, he successfully held the island during an attempted invasion by the French and mounted an effort to reclaim St. Lucia which had fallen earlier.   Promoted to major general on January 1, 1805, Prà ©vost took leave and returned home.  While in Britain, he commanded forces around Portsmouth and was made a baronet for his services. Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia: Having established a track record as a successful administrator, Prà ©vost was rewarded with the post of lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia on January 15, 1808, and the local rank of lieutenant general.   Assuming this position, he attempted to aid merchants from New England in circumventing President Thomas Jeffersons embargo on British trade by establishing free ports in Nova Scotia.  In addition,  Prà ©vost endeavored to strengthen Nova Scotias defenses and amended the local militia laws to create an effective force to work with the British Army.  In early 1809, he commanded part of the British landing forces during Vice Admiral Sir Alexander Cochrane and Lieutenant General George Beckwiths invasion of Martinique.   Returning to Nova Scotia following the successful conclusion of the campaign, he worked to improve local politics but was criticized for attempting to increase the power of the Church of England. Governor-in-Chief of British North America: In May 1811, Prà ©vost received orders to assume the position of Governor of Lower Canada. A short time later, on July 4, he obtained a promotion when he was permanently elevated to the rank of lieutenant general and made commander-in-chief of British forces in North America. This was followed by an appointment to the post of Governor-in-Chief of British North America on October 21.  As relations between Britain and the United States were increasingly strained, Prà ©vost worked to ensure the loyalty of the Canadians should a conflict erupt.   Among his actions was the increased inclusion of Canadians in the Legislative Council.   These efforts proved effective as the Canadians remained loyal when the War of 1812 commenced in June 1812.    The War of 1812: Lacking in men and supplies, Prà ©vost largely assumed a defensive posture with the goal of holding as much of Canada as possible.   In a rare offensive action in mid-August, his subordinate in Upper Canada, Major General Isaac Brock, succeeded in capturing Detroit.   That same month, following Parliaments repeal of the Orders in Council that had been one of the Americans justifications for war, Prà ©vost attempted to negotiate a local ceasefire.   This initiative was quickly dismissed by President James Madison and fighting continued in the fall.   This saw American troops turned back at the Battle of Queenston Heights and Brock killed.   Recognizing the importance of the Great Lakes in the conflict, London dispatched Commodore Sir James Yeo to direct naval activities on these bodies of water.   Though he reported directly to the Admiralty, Yeo arrived with instructions to coordinate closely with  Prà ©vost. Working with Yeo, Prà ©vost mounted an attack against the American naval base at Sacketts Harbor, NY in late May 1813.   Coming ashore, his troops were repulsed by Brigadier General Jacob Browns garrison and withdrew back to Kingston.   Later that year,  Prà ©vosts forces suffered a defeat on Lake Erie, but succeeded in turning back an American effort to take Montreal at Chateauguay and Cryslers Farm.   The following year saw British fortunes dim in the spring and summer as the Americans achieved successes in the west and on the Niagara Peninsula.   With the defeat of Napoleon in the spring, London began to transfer veteran troops, which had served under the Duke of Wellington, to Canada to reinforce  Prà ©vost.    The Plattsburgh Campaign: Having received over 15,000 men to bolster his forces, Prà ©vost began planning a campaign to invade the United States via the Lake Champlain corridor.  This was complicated by the naval situation on the lake which saw Captain George Downie and Master Commandant Thomas Macdonough engaged in a building race. Control of the lake was critical as it was required for re-supplying  Prà ©vosts army.   Though frustrated by naval delays,  Prà ©vost began moving south on August 31 with around 11,000 men.   He was opposed by around 3,400 Americans, led by Brigadier General Alexander Macomb, which assumed a defensive position behind the Saranac River. Moving slowly, the British were hampered by command problems as  Prà ©vost clashed with Wellingtons veterans over the speed of the advance and niggling matters such as wearing proper uniforms.    Reaching the American position, Prà ©vost halted above the Saranac.   Scouting west, his men located a ford across the river that would allow them to attack the left flank of the American line. Planning to strike on September 10, Prà ©vost sought to make a feint against Macombs front while assaulting his flank. These efforts were to coincide with Downie attacking MacDonough on the lake.   The combined operation was delayed a day when unfavorable winds prevented the naval confrontation.   Advancing on September 11, Downie was decisively defeated on the water by MacDonough.   Ashore, Prà ©vost tentatively probed forward while his flanking force missed the ford and had to counter-march.   Locating the ford, they went into action and were having success when a recall order from Prà ©vost arrived.   Having learned of Downies defeat, the British commander concluded that any victory on land would be meaningless.   Despite strident protests from his subordinates,  Prà ©vost began withdrawing towards Canada that evening.   Frustrated with  Prà ©vosts lack of ambition and aggressiveness, London dispatched Major General Sir George Murray to relieve him in December.   Arriving in early 1815, he delivered his orders to  Prà ©vost shortly after news had arrived that the war had ended. Later Life and Career: After disbanding the militia and receiving a vote of thanks from the assembly in Quebec, Prà ©vost departed Canada on April 3.   Though embarrassed by the timing of his relief, his initial explanations of why the Plattsburgh Campaign failed were accepted by his superiors.   Shortly thereafter, Prà ©vosts actions were severely criticized by the Royal Navys official reports as well as by Yeo.   After demanding a court-martial to clear his name, a hearing was set for January 12, 1816.   With Prà ©vost in ill health, the court-martial was delayed until February 5.   Suffering from dropsy, Prà ©vost died on January 5, exactly a month before his hearing.   Though an effective administrator who successfully defended Canada, his name was never cleared despite his wifes efforts.   Prà ©vosts remains were buried in the St. Mary the Virgin Churchyard in East Barnet.    Sources War of 1812: Sir George PrevostNapoleon Series: Sir George Prevost1812: Sir George Prevost

Christian Medical Ethics Case Analysis Coursework

Christian Medical Ethics Case Analysis - Coursework Example M and the application of Christian ethics on the case. In this case study, Mrs. M was 54 years old and had suffered a heart attack as well as having multiple secondary diagnoses. Mrs. M had experienced a history of depression and anxiety, which had resulted in an attempt at suicide ten years prior. She had also discussed end-of-life situations with her husband, and did not wish to remain alive if her quality of life was below a certain point. Her treatment options led to her requesting to be withdrawn from ventilator support, a decision that had full support of her daughter and husband. Despite this, four days after she had entered the hospital, the doctor began to question her decision-making ability and/or competence. Mrs. M’s case is complicated by the fact that there are multiple secondary diagnoses in addition to her primary diagnosis. This makes the prediction of outcomes difficult. Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the kidneys, which is able t o be reversed. The survival chance for this diagnosis is high (Carroll et al. 1513), and Mrs. M has previously recovered from this problem. In the case, Mrs. M was suffering from severe pain as a result of the inflammation. Diagnosis involves the use of a range of clinical markers, which are increased when acute pancreatitis is occurring. ... Other treatments that can be used include nutritional management, aggressive volume repletion and the use of antibiotics (Carroll et al. 1516). This suggests that the recommendations for treatment for Mrs. M were not necessarily extensive, and there may have been alternative options that could have increased Mrs. M’s quality of life. Another issue is that although the treatment options given to Mrs. M do not appear to be complete, no second opinion was sought or given. The provision of a second opinion is important because research has indicated that medical decision making is influenced by a range of factors that are outside of the medical field. This includes aspects such as the personality of the physician, the organizational setting and the age of either the physician or the patient (Feldman et al. 343). This means that a patient such as Mrs. M might not be given all of the treatment options or alternative diagnoses available. This is a particularly important part of the c ase, because Mrs. M and her family are making decisions that will influence her future, and it is critical that they have all the information possible when they are doing this. At the time of the case study, Mrs. M was in a position where her quality of life was considerably compromised and did not want to spend the rest of her life in this state. However, there are several factors that suggest that her condition may improve over time, and lead to an increase in quality of life. The first of these indications is physician’s perception that Mrs. M had the ability to rally medically, which indicates that over time her quality of life would improve. The second aspect is that the pancreatic surgery, if successful, would

The Revolutionary Context of the Constitutional Convention Essay

The Revolutionary Context of the Constitutional Convention - Essay Example e revolutionaries believed that â€Å"proper constitutions†¦depended on consent, but governments existed in order to protect the liberties of all†¦[the revolutionaries searched for a] governmental structure in which liberty and representative democracy could be combined.† While there were undoubtedly fundamental problems with creating the sort of government where the officials held little to no power, Banning argues that â€Å"whatever the Revolution was or would become, its essence lay originally in these thirteen problematic experiments in constructing republican regimes† (PAGE #). As such, it is evidenced that the State Constitutions of the individual colonial governments was a precursor to the greater Continental government establishment, and provided an ideal staging ground for the revolutionaries to experiment with the idea of new government. Arguably, the most significant accomplishment of the Articles of Confederation was establishing â€Å"a permanent confederation presided over by a Congress whose authority would be confined to matter of interest to all† (Banning, PAGE #). The Articles of Confederation, according to Banning, â€Å"did not issue from a systematic, theoretical consideration of the problems of confederation government† (PAGE #). Rather they merely emulated the government practices that had evolved in the State Constitutions over the years. While it was popularly taught that the Articles of Confederation were characterized by a chaotic period in the early colonies, recent scholarship attributes greater credit to the Articles than in times past. For instance, Banning points out that the Confederation years, aside from consolidating the thirteen states, â€Å"secured their independence and won a generous treaty of peace†¦weathered a severe post-war depression†¦and organized the are a northwest of the Ohio for settlement† (PAGE #). The Northwest Ordinance of 1787, in fact, became the basis for â€Å"all the rest of the continental expansion of the

Banana Sushi Outline Essay Example for Free

Banana Sushi Outline Essay How many of you have ever tried or eaten a peanut butter and banana sandwich? For those who have banana sushi is exactly that but much more fun and exciting to do at home. Transition: let’s start by getting ingredients BODY: I. The first step is to get all of the ingredients. A. There are certain ingredients needed to make banana sushi; the first step is to gather them. 1. You will need the peanut butter of your choice (smooth works better) 2. You will need two pieces of bread 3. And you will need a fresh banana Transition: now that we have the ingredients we can get the materials B. There are also certain materials necessary to make banana sushi; the second step is to gather those. 1. You will need a butter knife 2. You will need a rolling pin 3. And you will need some type of cutting board. Transition: Now that we have both the ingredients and the materials to make banana sushi we can start making it! C. Now you can start making it. 1. The first step is to cut all the crust off of the bread and dispose of it, then to lay the edges of the bread on top of each other and flatten it together with the rolling pin. 2. The second step is to then take the butter knife and spread the peanut butter over the bread. . The third step is to take your banana, peel it and cut it into coin size pieces and lay them neatly on the bread covered with peanut butter. 4. The final step is to roll the bread and then cut it into sections   The three steps in making banana sushi: A. The first step is gathering the ingredients B. The second step is gathering the materials C. The third step is making it. II. Now that I’ve shown you guys a fun new way to eat a peanut butter and banana sandwich otherwise known as banana sushi, I hope you will try it at least once in your life because it’s always nice to try something new.

Gandhi and Comparative Religion Essays -- God Spirituality Papers

Gandhi and Comparative Religion Mahatma Gandhi was deeply interested in the comparative study of religions since the days of his youth. His interest in religious matters was due to the background of India, which was saturated with religious ideas and spirituality. Religion, to Gandhi, was not a matter of individual experience: Gandhi found God within creation. The meaning of the word 'Dharma' is 'religion' in India. This is a comprehensive term which embraces all of humanity. Gandhi referred to "God" as "Truth," which has great significance. His mission was not only to humanize religion, but also to moralize it. Gandhi's interpretation of Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity made his religion a federation of different religious faiths. His views on proselytization are also included in the paper. The comparative study of religions has never been merely an academic concern for Mahatma Gandhi, the great Hindu spiritualist and leader. Since the days of his youth he has been existentially in the search of such studies as has been evident from his famous book "The story of my experiments with truth." India is a country where people are predominantly religious. Religion and spirituality are firmly rooted in the minds of the Indian people. Some countries are well known for their political institutions, others for their economic prosperity while some others for their social advancement. India is well known for her philosophy and religion. According to Max Muller the study of religion is incomplete unless it is studied with reference to India. To quote him, "Take religion and where can you study its true origin, its natural growth, and its inevitable decay better than in India, the home of Brahmanism, the birth place of Buddhism and... ...cipate in transforming the human society on its journey towards the Divine Being. Gandhi has been killed. Physically he is no more with us. But his spirit lives amidst us and within us, with all its glory than ever before. Notes (1) Prof Max Muller, 'India what can it teach us.' P.13. (2) H.G. Wells : 'A short history of the world. P.154. (3) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India', 5.3.1925. (4) M.K. Gandhi, 'Harijan' , December 1936. (5) Bhagavadgita Chap (vi). 30. (6) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India' 6.10.1931. (7) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 1.10.1935. (8) A.K. Ahluwalia 'Facts of Gandhi.' P.133. (9) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 10.7.1924. (10) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 10.7.1924. (11) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 13.12.1931. (12) M.K. Gandhi, 'In search of the Supreme' Vol III P.83. (13) Complete works of Swami Vivekananda Vol I. P.24. Gandhi and Comparative Religion Essays -- God Spirituality Papers Gandhi and Comparative Religion Mahatma Gandhi was deeply interested in the comparative study of religions since the days of his youth. His interest in religious matters was due to the background of India, which was saturated with religious ideas and spirituality. Religion, to Gandhi, was not a matter of individual experience: Gandhi found God within creation. The meaning of the word 'Dharma' is 'religion' in India. This is a comprehensive term which embraces all of humanity. Gandhi referred to "God" as "Truth," which has great significance. His mission was not only to humanize religion, but also to moralize it. Gandhi's interpretation of Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity made his religion a federation of different religious faiths. His views on proselytization are also included in the paper. The comparative study of religions has never been merely an academic concern for Mahatma Gandhi, the great Hindu spiritualist and leader. Since the days of his youth he has been existentially in the search of such studies as has been evident from his famous book "The story of my experiments with truth." India is a country where people are predominantly religious. Religion and spirituality are firmly rooted in the minds of the Indian people. Some countries are well known for their political institutions, others for their economic prosperity while some others for their social advancement. India is well known for her philosophy and religion. According to Max Muller the study of religion is incomplete unless it is studied with reference to India. To quote him, "Take religion and where can you study its true origin, its natural growth, and its inevitable decay better than in India, the home of Brahmanism, the birth place of Buddhism and... ...cipate in transforming the human society on its journey towards the Divine Being. Gandhi has been killed. Physically he is no more with us. But his spirit lives amidst us and within us, with all its glory than ever before. Notes (1) Prof Max Muller, 'India what can it teach us.' P.13. (2) H.G. Wells : 'A short history of the world. P.154. (3) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India', 5.3.1925. (4) M.K. Gandhi, 'Harijan' , December 1936. (5) Bhagavadgita Chap (vi). 30. (6) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India' 6.10.1931. (7) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 1.10.1935. (8) A.K. Ahluwalia 'Facts of Gandhi.' P.133. (9) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 10.7.1924. (10) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 10.7.1924. (11) M.K. Gandhi, 'Young India,' 13.12.1931. (12) M.K. Gandhi, 'In search of the Supreme' Vol III P.83. (13) Complete works of Swami Vivekananda Vol I. P.24.

Regulation and Pizza Hut Essay

School cafeterias served nearly $500 million of pizza a year. Only frozen pizza was used, however, because freshly prepared pizza was effectively excluded by a U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulation that required inspection of any pizza with meat toppings that was sold at wholesale for resale. The same was true for other institutions such as hospitals and prisons. The 39 broader issue was the closure of the institutional market to freshly-prepared foods such as pizza and other fast foods. Pizza Hut’s overall business strategy was to become a â€Å"pizza distribution† company, and the institutional market was crucial to that strategy. According to Roger Rydell of Pizza Hut, schools were â€Å"‘a potentially enormous business for us. †¦ We’d like to have every one of our [4,000] delivery-capable units nationwide serving at least one school. †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢1 Since Pizza Hut was excluded from the institutional market by the USDA regulation, the task before Pizza Hut was to develop a nonmarket strategy to modify this regulation to allow school cafeterias and ultimately other institutions to order fresh pizza. There were two basic institutional arenas in which Pizza Hut could address this nonmarket foreclosure of a market. One was the regulatory apparatus of the USDA. From the perspective of a bureaucracy such as the USDA, an exemption from its meat inspection responsibilities would be required. It seems unlikely that the USDA would want to weaken its own inspection program. Indeed, the opponents of an exemption for fresh pizza, as led by the National Frozen Pizza Institute, sought to have the contentious issue resolved by the USDA. A resolution in that institutional arena would necessitate an extensive administrative process requiring public hearings, publication of proposed regulations in the Federal Register, a comment period, possible adoption of an exemption, and possible legal challenge in the federal courts by the losing side. This process would likely be quite lengthy. (See Chapter 10 for a discussion of this process. ) Pizza Hut first attempted to obtain a USDA exemption without an administrative process but failed in its attempt. The second institutional arena was Congress, which could enact legislation to overturn regulations. Pizza Hut worked through Congress to include a provision in a 1991 agriculture bill that would allow fresh pizza to be purchased by school cafeterias without USDA inspection. The amendment directed the USDA to issue regulations by August 1992 allowing fresh pizza with meat toppings to be sold to private and public institutions. 2 Pizza Hut had headquarters in Wichita, Kansas, and Representative Dan Glickman, whose district includes Wichita, commented that the USDA regulation was â€Å"a Byzantine, outdated and, quite honestly, an anti-competitive regulatory structure. †3. One question was whether this issue was resolved by interest group politics or by some public policy process based on a careful study of the costs and benefits. The opposition, for example, argued that an exemption posed a health hazard, whereas Pizza Hut argued that precooked toppings such as pepperoni had already undergone two inspections—one at the processing plant and one earlier at the slaughterhouse. These arguments likely had little effect on the decision other than to convince members of Congress that there was no health hazard in fresh pizza sold to institutions. This issue was ultimately resolved through interest group politics, with Pizza Hut and other fast-food chains backing the exemption and frozen pizza interests opposing it. 1 Wall Street Journal, November 29, 1991. 2 Wall Street Journal, November 29, 1991. 3 San Francisco Chronicle, November 28, 1991. Assignment Questions (30%): 1. What is/are the real issue based on the case study? (2 marks) 2. Describe the 4I’s based on the Pizza Hut Case Study. (8 marks) 3. Describe the roles of news media in this case study. (10 marks) 4. From the case study, where those issues are in their life cycles? Discuss. (10 marks).

Healthy Body Wellness Center Business Objectives Essay

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